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formula for barium phosphide is Ba3(PO4)2. It is a colourless solid and has a faint acetic acid flavour. It has a density of 3.63 g/mL-1 and a melting point of 1560 degC. It is insoluble in water but soluble in acidic solutions. It is non-flammable and is used as a raw material in the manufacturing of special glasses. It is also a proton conducting material in fuel sensors. It is dangerous if swallowed or inhaled and should be kept away from children. It irritates the eyes, mouth, and mucous membranes. If swallowed, it requires immediate medical attention.

Barium is an alkaline earth metal in group 2. It is never found free in nature but occurs naturally as sulfates and carbonates such as baryte (barium sulfate, BaSO4) and witherite (barium carbonate, BaCO3). It is also an important ingredient in barium hydroxide for X-ray radiocontrast agents. Its compounds are also used as rodenticides.

The X-ray crystal structure of barium phosphate has been determined to be that of an association of the Barium ions with a polyphosphate anion. The association is tetrahedral and is stabilized by the sharing of oxygen atoms. This forms a bridging network between the phosphate groups which makes the compound less reactive than strontium phosphide. The bluish fluorescence of a barium phosphate crystal is 20% less bright than that of strontium phosphide, and the color fades if the temperature is increased.