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Potassium phosphate (KH2PO4) is a water-soluble salt that has significant buffering capacity and is commonly used in life science applications. It’s often found in a variety of culture media for microorganisms and is also an essential component of phosphate buffered saline (PBS). It occurs in several forms including monobasic, dibasic, and tribasic. Most pH neutral phosphate buffers contain mixtures of the monobasic and dibasic form to varying degrees.

Phosphate is one of the essential nutrients for plants and plays a critical role in plant metabolism. It is involved in nutrient uptake, asymmetrical distribution around the plant and the movement of nutrients within the soil. It also synchronizes crop nutrient demand with the ability of the soil to supply phosphate and potassium.

When potassium phosphate is mixed with acidic solutions, it forms the more stable and highly water-soluble phosphoric acid. Phosphate salts have a wide range of uses, such as food additives, fertilizers, and coatings. They can be purchased in granular powder, as well as liquid and dissolved forms for analytical purposes.

Potassium phosphate can be found in nature as the mineral sylvinite and carnallite. It is mined through underground mining using powerful earth-moving equipment. It is then refined into commercial products such as MOP and SOP fertilizers. It is also used as an additive for paints and coatings, an adhesive, buffering agent and in non-linear optics such as second-generation optical modulators. It is soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol.