Tungsten Powder Properties

The hardness of tungsten is the hardest among metals. The hardness of sintered tungsten rods is 200-250, and the hardness of tungsten rods that are passed through a rotary hammer is 350-400. Tungsten powder is dissolved in a mixed acid of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid, and melted with a mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate.

Tungsten is a gray-black metal with metallic luster (body-centered cubic crystal). Tungsten powder is slightly soluble in nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and aqua regia; it is insoluble in water, hydrofluoric acid, and potassium hydroxide.

Tungsten Powder Preparation

Tungsten powder is prepared by hydrogen reduction of tungsten trioxide or ammonium paratungstate. The process of preparing tungsten powder by hydrogen reduction method is generally divided into two stages: the first stage is at 500 -700, the tungsten trioxide is reduced to tungsten dioxide; the second stage is at 700 -900, the second stage is at the temperature of 700~900. Tungsten is reduced to tungsten powder. The reduction reaction is often carried out in an electric tube furnace or a rotary furnace.

The properties of reduced tungsten powder (such as purity, particle size, particle size composition, etc.) mainly depend on the reduction process. When reducing tungsten powder in a tube furnace, the main process parameters that affect the reduction rate are the reduction temperature, the loading of tungsten oxide in the burning boat, the moving speed of the burning boat, the flow rate of hydrogen, and the moisture content in the hydrogen. As the reduction temperature increases, the particle size of the tungsten powder becomes coarser.

In addition to the hydrogen reduction method, tungsten powder is prepared by the tungsten oxide carbon reduction method used earlier, and the reduction temperature is higher than 1050. The purity of tungsten powder obtained by this method is relatively low. In addition, research work on the reduction of tungsten oxide with metal aluminum, calcium, zinc, etc. is also in progress. For special applications requiring high-purity, ultra-fine particle size tungsten powder, the tungsten chloride hydrogen reduction method has been developed, and the particle size of the obtained tungsten powder can be less than 0.05mm.

Tunsten Powder Applications

Tungsten powder is mostly used in the production of cemented carbide and ferro tungsten. Tungsten powder, chromium, molybdenum, and cobalt form a heat-resistant and wear-resistant alloy used to make tools, metal surface hardening materials, gas turbine blades and combustion tubes. Tungsten powder and tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, etc. form a refractory alloy.

High-density tungsten-nickel-copper alloy is used as a radiation shield. Metal tungsten wires, rods, sheets, etc. are used to make parts of light bulbs, electronic tubes, and electrodes for arc welding. Tungsten powder can be sintered into filters with various porosities.

Tungsten powder is the main raw material for processing powder metallurgy tungsten products and tungsten alloys. Pure tungsten powder can be made into processed materials such as wires, rods, tubes, plates, and products with certain shapes. Tungsten powder mixed with other metal powders can be made into various tungsten alloys, such as tungsten-molybdenum alloy, tungsten rhenium alloy, tungsten-copper alloy and high-density tungsten alloy. Another important application of tungsten powder is to make tungsten carbide powder to prepare cemented carbide tools, such as turning tools, milling cutters, drill bits and molds.

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