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Are carbon nanotubes graphene?
Both graphene, and carbon nanotubes, are made from carbon atoms. Carbon nanotubes, on the other hand, are made by curling graphene. Carbon nanotubes, which are made up of hexagonal tubes of several tens or hundreds of layers of carbon atoms, are formed by arranging the atoms in hexagons. Carbon nanotubes look like graphene (a hexagonal lattice made of carbon) that has been rolled into cylindrical form. Both graphene (a hexagonal lattice of carbon) and carbon nanotubes are characterized by extraordinary mechanical and electrical properties.

Research on carbon nanotubes, as it stands, has reached a certain depth in terms of technology for preparation, performance characterization, and application exploration. Due to their close relationship, both research methods and composition are very similar. Carbon nanotubes were the original inspiration for many graphene-related research methods.

What is different between graphene (carbon nanotubes) and carbon nanotubes

Graphene, a two-dimensional substance, is a layer graphite with carbon atoms arranged hexagonally in a honeycomb lattice. Carbon nanotubes consist of hollow cylindrical structures. They are basically a graphene layer rolled into an cylinder. Both are representative of two-dimensional nanomaterials (2D) as well as one-dimensional (1D).

Carbon nanotubes are one-dimensional carbon crystal structures, whereas graphene consists of just a single carbon layer and is a real two-dimensional crystal.

From the point of performance, graphene exhibits properties that are comparable or better than those of carbon nanotubes. These include high electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity; high carrier mobility; free electron movement area, and high strength and rigidity.

According to their number of layers they can be divided in single-walled and multi-walled nanotubes. The single-walled carbon Nanotubes are also a division. Layer graphene or graphene microplatelets.

Is graphene a stronger material than carbon nanotubes

Both graphene and carbon nanotubes are graphite in essence. But the arrangement and combinations of carbon atoms differ, creating spiral carbon nanotubes whereas graphene is a sheet. They both share some graphite characteristics.
Graphene, or any other nanofiller known to science, is superior in the long-term to carbon nanotubes and other nanofillers at transferring their extraordinary mechanical properties into the host material. Graphene has a unique two-dimensional structural and application advantage over carbon nanotubes.

Although graphene, and carbon nanotubes share a common pre-existence they will likely have a very different future. The dispute between two-dimensional and three-dimensional material is the primary cause. Nanowires and microtubes often have a disadvantage when competing against thin-film material. As an example, carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes can be considered as single crystals with high aspect ratios. The current synthesis technology and assembly techniques cannot create carbon nanotubes of macroscopic size. This limits the use of carbon nanotubes. The graphene structure is two-dimensional and has several properties that are unmatched (strength electrical conductivity heat conduction). It can also grow in an area of a great deal. Combining bottom-up with top-down can lead to exciting future applications.

How is graphene transformed into carbon nanotubes

For carbon nanotubes to be formed, graphene and the carbon atoms are manipulated into a thin plate that is then rolled into an cylinder. The graphene sheets that are used to produce nanotubes have a two-dimensional structure because graphene has only a one-atom thickness.
New graphene and carbon nanotube catalyst can ignite a clean-energy revolution

Researchers have developed promising graphene/carbon nanotube catalysers to better control chemical reactions important for the production of hydrogen fuel.

Hydrogen fuel economy will be based on cheap, efficient fuel cells and electrolyzers. This is because hydrogen fuel is a clean and sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. The electrocatalysts that are used in these devices make them work. Developing low-cost, efficient electrocatalysts will be crucial for making hydrogen fuel viable. Researchers from Aalto University created a new kind of catalyst material for these technologies.

The team, in collaboration with CNRS, created a graphene-carbon Nanotube hybrid that is highly porous and contains single atoms known to act as catalysts. Graphene (CNT) and carbon nanotubes are allotropes of the carbon atom-thick, which can be found in two-dimensional or one-dimensional forms. Carbon nanotubes and graphene are more popular than traditional materials in the industry and academia due to their exceptional performance. The world has shown great interest. They developed an easy and scalable way to grow all these nanomaterials together and combine their properties into a single product.

The catalyst is typically deposited onto the substrate. Researchers ignore the substrate’s role in the final reaction of the catalyst. But for this type of catalyst, they found that it plays a significant role in its efficiency. The researchers discovered that the porous nature of the material allowed it to access more catalyst sites located at the interface between the substrate and the material. The researchers developed a new electrochemical microscopy analysis method to determine how the interface contributed to the catalytic process and to produce the most potent catalyst. The researchers believe that their research into the influence of the porous material matrix on the catalytic reaction will provide the basis for designing high-performance electrochemical energy devices.

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